Energy balances, greenhouse gas emissions and economics of biochar production from palm oil empty fruit bunches
Journal Resources, Conservation and Recycling 77 (2013)
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Academic Paper |
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2017-03-20T02:36:16Z.
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| LEADER | 02621 am a22003373u 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | repository_unej_123456789_79695 | ||
| 042 | |a dc | ||
| 100 | 1 | 0 | |a Harsono, Soni Sisbudi |e author |
| 500 | |a 0921-3449 | ||
| 500 | |a http://repository.unej.ac.id/handle/123456789/79695 | ||
| 700 | 1 | 0 | |a GRUNDMANN, PHILIPP |e author |
| 700 | 1 | 0 | |a Lau, Lek Hang |e author |
| 700 | 1 | 0 | |a HANSEN, ANJA |e author |
| 700 | 1 | 0 | |a Salleh, Mohammad Amran Mohd |e author |
| 700 | 1 | 0 | |a Andreas Meyer-Aurich |e author |
| 700 | 1 | 0 | |a Idris, Azni |e author |
| 700 | 1 | 0 | |a Ghazi, Tinia Idaty Mohd |e author |
| 245 | 0 | 0 | |a Energy balances, greenhouse gas emissions and economics of biochar production from palm oil empty fruit bunches |
| 260 | |c 2017-03-20T02:36:16Z. | ||
| 520 | |a Journal Resources, Conservation and Recycling 77 (2013) | ||
| 520 | |a This paper presents results from a gate-to-gate analysis of the energy balance, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and economic efficiency of biochar production from palm oil empty fruit bunches (EFB). The analysis is based on data obtained from EFB combustion in a slow pyrolysis plant in Selangor, Malaysia. The outputs of the slow pyrolysis plant are biochar, syngas, bio-oil and water vapor. The net energy yield of the biochar produced in the Selangor plant is 11.47 MJ kg −1 EFB. The energy content of the biochar produced is higher than the energy required for producing the biochar, i.e. the energy balance of biochar production is positive. The combustion of EFB using diesel fuel has the largest energy demand of 2.31 MJ kg EFB in the pyrolysis process. Comparatively smaller amounts of energy are required as electricity (0.39 MJ kg EFB) and for transportation of biochar to the warehouse and the field (0.13 MJ kg −1 EFB). The net greenhouse gas emissions of the studied biochar production account for 0.046 kg CO 2 -equiv. kg without considering fertilizer substitution effects and carbon accumulation from biochar in the soil. The studied biochar production is profitable where biochar can be sold for at least 533 US-$ t −1 . Potential measures for improvement are discussed, including higher productivity of biochar production, reduced energy consumption and efficient use of the byproducts from the slow pyrolysis. | ||
| 546 | |a en | ||
| 690 | |a Biochar | ||
| 690 | |a Empty fruit bunches | ||
| 690 | |a Palm oil | ||
| 690 | |a Greenhouse gas emissions | ||
| 690 | |a Energy balances | ||
| 690 | |a Economic assessment | ||
| 655 | 7 | |a Article |2 local | |
| 787 | 0 | |n http://repository.unej.ac.id/handle/123456789/79695 | |
| 856 | 4 | 1 | |u http://repository.unej.ac.id/handle/123456789/79695 |z Get Fulltext |